Klaudia Gápa Dyttertová – Presenza e uso degli italianismi gastronomici nel lessico slovacco
Klaudia Gápa Dyttertová
Università Comenio, Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Bratislava, Slovacchia
Abstract
Presence and Use of Italian Gastronomy-Related Loanwords in Slovak Lexicon
This article explores the presence and use of Italian loanwords related to gastronomy in the Slovak language, within the framework of the international research project Osservatorio degli Italianismi nel Mondo (OIM). Adopting a diachronic perspective, the study focuses on both established loanwords that have entered Slovak mostly via other languages such as German, French, Hungarian or Serbo-Croatian, and more recent direct loanwords that reflect global spread and increasing popularity of Italian cuisine. The article follows a descriptive approach, drawing on a corpus of Italianisms identified in major Slovak etymological and explanatory dictionaries, other researches and the database of OIM and in the case of unrecorded loanwords, the spoken language, internet sources and Slovak linguistic corpora. While older loanwords were related to basic foods and first appeared via mediation through other languages in numerous ortographic and morphologic forms in different Slovak dialects and have undergone semantic shifts or have been integrated into idiomatic expressions, more recent loanwords tend to be directly adopted into the Slovak lexicon with minimal ortographic and morphologic changes. These terms frequently refer to fashionable or high-quality food items and dishes, reflecting the widespread appeal of Italian cuisine all around the world.
Keywords: italianisms, loanwords, Slovak, gastronomy
